Pengaruh Pemasangan Kapasitor Daya Terhadap Penghematan Pemakaian Energi Listrik Rumah Tangga.

Electrical energy has become a basic need for modern society. Its flexibility in energy conversion to another form of enery makes people choose this energy. The needs of electrical energy will grow as the increasing of the people prosperity. The use of electrical energy depends on the variety of electrical household products and electronic products that are used regularly. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effect of power capacitor installation to residential electrical energy saving and to calculate the amount of the energy saving.. The result showed that the installation of power capacitor can save energy. This saving is obtained from decreasing the reactive current that is drawn by the inductive loads. In water pump, refrigeration, AC and others inductive load, power capacitor will give reactive current to these loads, so it increase the power factor, decrease current supply and voltage drop. Keywords: capacitor, saving, energ

High Performance Multistring Converter Topology for Three-Phase Grid Tied 200 kW Photovoltaic Generating System

Under various external conditions, grid connected PV system performance is strongly affected by the topology that is used to connect a PV system with grid. This research aims to design a multistring based converter topology for three-phase grid connected 200 kW PV system that has a high performance in various operating conditions. Research was done by a simulation method using Matlab-Simulink with performance being evaluated including the generated power, efficiency, power quality in accordance with grid requirements, as well as the power flow. In the simulation, multistring converter topology was designed using two dc-dc boost multistring converters connected in parallel to a centralized of three-phase three-level NPC inverter with the size of the string being shorter and more parallel strings as well as the maximum voltage of the PV array of 273.5 V close to dc voltage reference of 500 V. Each dc-dc boost multistring converter have individual MPPT controllers. The simulation results showed that this multistring converter topology had a high performance in various operating conditions. This due to more power generated by the NPC inverter (> 190 kW) at the time of high power generation on the STC conditions (1000 W/m2, 25 oC), the lowest efficiency of the total system is 95.08 % and the highest efficiency of the total system is 99.4 %, the quality of the power generated in accordance with the requirements of grid, as well as the inverter put more active power to the grid and less reactive power to the grid. The response of the inverter slightly worse for loads with greater reactive power and unbalanced

Bidirectional Battery Interface in Standalone Solar PV System for Electrification in Rural Areas

In a standalone photovoltaic (PV) system, a bidirectional DC converter (BDC) is needed to prevent the battery from damage caused by DC bus voltage variation. In this paper, BDC was applied in a standalone solar PV system to interface the battery with a DC bus in a standalone PV system. Therefore, its bidirectional power capability was focused on improving save battery operation while maintaining high power quality delivery. A non-isolated, buck and boost topology for the BDC configuration was used to interface the battery with the DC bus. PID controller-based control strategy was chosen for easy implementation, high reliability, and high dynamic performance. A simulation was conducted using MATLAB Simulink program. The simulation results show that the implementation of the BDC controller can maintain the DC bus voltage to 100 V, have high efficiency at 99.18% in boost mode and 99.48% in buck mode. To prevent the battery from overcharging condition, the BDC stops the charging process and then works as a voltage regulator to maintain the DC bus voltage at reference value

Fault Location Algorithm for HVDC Transmission Based on Synchronized Fault Time

To determine the fault location of the dc line fault in an HVDC transmission system, a new algorithm based on the traveling wave method and learning based method is proposed in this paper. The relationship between the traveling wave time of arrival differences with fault location is presented.  The differences in traveling wave time of arrival measured at both ends of transmission line combined with associated fault locations form a fault pattern which is used to perform a simple calculation in order to determine the disturbance location. The fault current for different fault locations is simulated using the electromagnetic transient simulation software EMTDC/PSCAD. Performance of the proposed fault location algorithm is investigated using various fault location and resistance. The impact of data sampling rate also being investigated here. The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm can reduce the sampling frequency and the number of train feature with the same accuracy

Impedance Matching Method in Two-Stage Converters for Single Phase PV-Grid System

This paper presents the study on the impedance matching method in two-stage converters for single phase PV-grid system. The use of PV systems was to obtain the electrical power from the sunlight energy. The system consisted of a Buck-Boost DC-DC converter and a five-level inverter. A Buck-Boost DC-DC converter was used as a means of impedance matching to obtain the maximum power that, in this case, through a method by using the incremental conductance current control algorithm. Meanwhile a five-level inverter was used as an interface to the utilities.  By using this technique, the system came to be simple. The impedance of the power grid, a Buck-Boost DC-DC converter, and a five-level inverter were seen by PV mostly in the area of RMPP, enabling the maximum power produced by the PV to be delivered to the grid. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the design, the analysis and simulation results, furthermore, were provide

STUDI PENGARUH PEMASANGAN PLTS GAMPING TERHADAP ALIRAN DAYA DAN HUBUNG SINGKAT JARINGAN DISTRIBUSI 20 KV PENYULANG GDN-3

Sampah merupakan permasalahan serius yang dihadapi oleh kota-kota besar di Indonesia. Selama ini, penanganan dan pengolahannya tidak dilakukan dengan baik karena sampah yang ada hanya dikumpulkan dan ditimbun di tempat pembuangan akhir. Padahal, seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi, sampah ternyata dapat diolah menjadi sumber energi alternatif terbarukan yaitu biogas untuk kemudian digunakan sebagai bahan bakar generator. Untuk itu, sampah di pasar buah dan sayur Ambarketawang Gamping Sleman DIY akan dimanfaatkan pada pembangkit listrik. PLT sampah tersebut akan berfungsi sebagai Distributed Generation (DG) yang terpasang ke jaringan distribusi tegangan menengah PLN melalui penyulang GDN-3 dengan kapasitas 23,18 kW Analisis dan simulasi pada tugas akhir ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan program bantu ETAP Power Station 6.o.0 yaitu analisis aliran daya pada keadaan normal maupun pada keadaan manuver jaringan, gangguan hubung singkat tiga fase, gangguan fase ke tanah, gangguan fase ke fase, dan gangguan dua fase ke tanah. Dari hasil simulasi, diketahui bahwa pada keadaan normal pembebanan aktual, level tegangan pada penyulang GDN-3 setelah pemasangan DG akan meningkat sebesar 0,0143%, susut daya aktif akan berkurang sebesar 1,4805% dan susut daya reaktif akan berkurang sebesar 0,6349%. Arus gangguan tiga fase seimbang meningkat sebesar 12.0968%. gangguan fase ke fase meningkat sebesar 12%. Gangguan fase ke tanah meningkat sebesar 11.5888%. dan gangguan dua fase ke tanah meningkat sebesar 12%

Optimal Capacity and Location Wind Turbine to Minimize Power Losses Using NSGA-II

Voltage deviations and power losses in the distribution network can be handled in various ways, such as adding diesel power plants and wind turbines. Adaut Village, Tanimbar Islands Regency, Maluku Province has installed a diesel power plant with a capacity of 1,200 kW, while the average hourly electricity load is 374.9 kW. Adaut Village has high wind potential that can be used for distributed generations namely wind turbine (WT). WT can be used to improve power quality in terms of power losses and voltage deviations. In adding WT, the capacity and location must be determined to get good power quality in terms of power loss and voltage deviation. The research applied an optimization technique for determining the capacity and location of WT using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGAII) with an objective function of power losses and voltage deviation. In addition, the economic aspects of the power plant were calculated using the levelized cost of energy (LCOE). The research used scenarios based on the number of WT installed. The best results were obtained in scenario IV or 4 WT with 1.38 kW on Bus 2, 422.43 kW on Bus 15, 834.33 kW on Bus 30, and 380.81 kW on Bus 31 which could reduce power losses by 80% with an LCOE value of Rp7,113.15/kWh. The addition of the WT could also increase the voltage profile to close to 1 pu, which means it can minimize the voltage deviation in the distribution network

STUDI PENGARUH JARI-JARI DALAM MAGNET TERHADAP TEGANGAN GENERATOR AKSIAL PADA BAHAN CAKRAM AKRILIK

The high cost of making rotor discs is one aspect that becomes an obstacle in the implementation of axial generator research. This study aims to compare acrylic discs with wooden discs in terms of axial generator output voltage and production costs, so that further research can use alternative discs with lower cost. This study uses an experimental method, where this method is used to find existing variables. On a generator with an acrylic disc, the average voltage is 16.6 volts with a manufacturing cost of 151,500 rupiah. Whereas on generator with wood disc, the average voltage is 17.2 volts with a manufacturing cost of 48,750 rupiah. Thus wood disc can be an alternative material in making cheap axial generator rotor discs

Perancangan dan Evaluasi User Interface Aplikasi Smart Grid Berbasis Mobile Application

Smart grid mobile application is a modernization in the consumption of electric power. Based on current research on smart grid mobile applications, it has investigated to the monitoring function, regulating, and scheduling energy consumption only. In the other case, the process of selling and buying electrical power is not inspected yet. This paper designed the user interface (UI) of smart grid mobile application in the process of selling and purchasing the electrical power. This combined Materials Design for Android (MDfA) with a design that adopts Common Element Sets (CES). The results of UI design were tested using usability and User Experience (UX). Usability test used System Usability Scale (SUS) and UX test used User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). The results of usability testing obtained a score of 72 that was considered above average and included in the category "good". UX test in each aspect obtained a score as follows: attractiveness 1.925, perspicuity 1.975, efficiency 1.913, dependability 1.730, stimulation 1.938, and novelty 1.988. Overall UX testing results were included into the category "very good"